Spaghetti Bolognese
Spaghetti Bolognese, often referred to simply as "Bolognese," is a classic Italian pasta dish that has gained international popularity. This hearty and flavourful dish features a savoury meat sauce served over a bed of spaghetti, creating a satisfying and comforting meal.
Origin and History
The origin of Spaghetti Bolognese is deeply rooted in Italian culinary traditions, specifically hailing from the city of Bologna in the Emilia-Romagna region. The authentic Bolognese sauce, known as "ragù," typically contains a slow-cooked mixture of minced meat, tomatoes, onions, celery, carrots, and various seasonings.
Ingredients
Bolognese Sauce:
Ground Meat: Traditionally a mixture of beef and pork.
Tomatoes: Fresh or canned, providing the base for the sauce.
Onions, Celery, and Carrots: Finely chopped vegetables that add flavour.
Garlic: Minced garlic enhances the savoury profile.
Red Wine: Often used to deglaze the pan and enhance the richness of the sauce.
Tomato Paste: Concentrated tomato flavour.
Herbs and Spices: Typically include bay leaves, thyme, oregano, and sometimes nutmeg.
Stock or Broth: Adds depth to the sauce.
Milk or Cream: A small amount can be used to balance acidity and add creaminess.
Spaghetti:
Durum Wheat Semolina Pasta: Spaghetti is the traditional choice, but other pasta shapes may be used.
Salt: Added to the boiling water for seasoning.
Garnish:
Parmesan Cheese: Grated Parmesan or Pecorino Romano cheese is commonly sprinkled on top.
Fresh Basil or Parsley: Chopped herbs for freshness.
Preparation
Prepare the Bolognese Sauce:
In a large pan, brown the ground meat.
Add chopped onions, celery, and carrots; sauté until softened.
Incorporate minced garlic and tomato paste.
Pour in red wine and cook until mostly evaporated.
Add tomatoes, herbs, and stock; simmer on low heat.
Optionally, add a small amount of milk or cream.
Allow the sauce to simmer for an extended period, intensifying flavours.
Cook the Spaghetti:
Boil water in a large pot, add salt.
Cook spaghetti according to package instructions until al dente.
Drain the pasta.
Combine and Serve:
Mix the cooked spaghetti with the Bolognese sauce.
Serve hot, garnished with grated Parmesan cheese and fresh herbs.
Variations
While Spaghetti Bolognese traditionally features a meat-based sauce, there are vegetarian and vegan variations that use plant-based ingredients such as lentils, mushrooms, or textured vegetable protein.
Cultural Impact
Spaghetti Bolognese has become a beloved and widely enjoyed dish worldwide, with numerous adaptations and variations. It is a staple in Italian-American cuisine and is frequently featured in restaurants and home kitchens globally.
See Also
References
Marcella Hazan, "Essentials of Classic Italian Cooking," Alfred A. Knopf, 1992.
Pellegrino Artusi, "La Scienza in Cucina e l'Arte di Mangiar Bene" ("Science in the Kitchen and the Art of Eating Well"), 1891.
